For the song by Bran Van 3000, see Shopping (song).Shopping is the examining of
goods or
services from
retailers with intent to Trade. Shopping is the activity of
selection and/or
purchase. In some contexts it is considered a leisure activity as well as an economic one.
Shopping in ancient societies
Shopping can be traced back to many civilizations in history. In ancient Rome, there was
Trajan's Market with
tabernas that served as retailing units. Shopping list are known to be used by Romans as one was discovered by Hadrian's wall dated back
75-125 AD written for a soldier.
Participants
The shopper
To many it is considered a recreational activity in which one visits a variety of stores in search of a suitable product to purchase.
Window shopping is an activity that shoppers engage in by browsing though glass windows of a shop for entertainment. Sometimes they like what they see and might try on the item(s) or imagine purchasing these items without actually purchasing, possibly just to pass the time between other activities, or planning a purchase.
To some, shopping is a task of inconvenience and vexation. Shoppers sometimes go though great lengths to wait in long lines to buy popular products as typically observed with early adopters shoppers and holiday shoppers. Sometimes buyers feel
ripoff-ed because they did not get what they paid for often asking for a refund. Sometimes shoppers get caught up in a scam.
More recently compulsive shopping has been recognized as an
addiction. Commonly referred as compulsive shopping, shopping addiction, shopoholic or formally
oniomania, these shoppers have an impulsive uncontrollable need to go shopping to get a rush or high.
The merchant
Sellers of products come by various names. They may be called vendors, merchants,
salesman.
Shopping venues
Shopping hubs
A larger commercial
zoning can be found in city
downtown or
Arab city souk. Shopping hubs, or shopping centers, are collection of stores that is a grouping of several
businesses. Typical examples include shopping malls, town squares, flea markets, and
bazaars.
Stores
Shops are divided into multiple categories of stores which sell a selected set of
goods or services. Usually they are tiered by target demographic based on the amount disposable income of the shopper. They can be tiered from cheap to pricey.
Some shops sell second-hand goods. Often the public can also sell goods to such shops. In other cases, especially in the case of a nonprofit shop, the public donates goods to the shop to be sold though
thrift stores in the USA, charity shops in the UK. In give-away shops goods can be taken for free. In antique shops, the public can find goods that are older and harder to find. Sometimes people are broke and borrow money from a pawn shop using an item of value as
collateral. College students are known to resell books back though college textbook
bookstores. Old used items are often distributed though surplus stores.
Many shops are part of a
shopping chain that carry the same trademark (company name) and
logo using the same
branding, same presentation, and sell the same products but in different locations. The shops may be owned by one company, or there may be a franchising company that has franchising agreements with the shop owners often found in relation to
restaurant chains.
Various types of retail stores that specialize in the selling of goods related to a theme include bookstores,
candy shops,
liquor stores, gift shops, hardware stores,
hobby stores,
pet stores,
pharmacys, sex shops,
supermarkets.
Other stores such as
big-box stores,
hypermarkets,
convenience stores,
department stores,
general stores, dollar stores sell a wider variety of products not horizontal market related to each other.
Travel agency is example of a store that sells services.
Home shopping
With modern technology such as television and telephone and the Internet, users could be described as
home shopping though online retail stores. Electronic commerce and business-to-consumer electronic commerce systems in combination of home
mail delivery systems make this possible. Typically a consumer could make purchases though online shopping, shopping channels, mail order, etc. Sometimes
peddlers and ice cream trucks pass though the neighborhoods offering services and goods. Also, neighborhood shopping takes place though various
garage sales found in United States.
Shopping time
shopping time is anytime, when the stores are closed, go online. watch tv go on your cell phone and look at magazines. make sure to always look at the shipping time and price, because thats when shopping outside of the stores starts to get expensive. make sure to always spend moeny wisely. see money. some countries and stores don't open on a certain day for religous politcal or economical reasons. see reasons.
Regulation
Some business have
shopping hours are open 24 hours 7 days-a-week. Some nations regulate the operation of businesses for religious reasons and do not allow shopping on particular days or dates.
Shopping seasons
Shopping seasons are periods where a burst of spending occurs typically near holidays in the
United States, where
Christmas shopping is the biggest shopping spending season. Some famous target dates are
Black Friday (shopping) and
Cyber Monday.
Some religions regard such spending seasons against their religion and dismiss the practice. Many question the over-commercialization and the response by stores who downplay the shopping season often cited in the Christmas controversy or
War on Christmas.
Pricing and negotiation
The
pricing technique used by most retailers is cost-plus pricing. This involves adding a
markup (business) amount (or percentage) to the retailers cost. Another common technique is
MSRP pricing. This simply involves charging the amount suggested by the manufacturer and usually printed on the product (business) by the manufacturer.
In Western countries, retail
prices are often so-called
psychological prices or
odd prices: a little less than a round number, e.g. $ 6.95. In Chinese societies, prices are generally either a round number or sometimes some lucky number. This creates
price points.
Often prices are fixed and displayed on signs or labels. Alternatively, there can be price discrimination for a variety of reasons. The retailer charges higher prices to some customers and lower prices to others. For example, a customer may have to pay more if the seller determines that he or she is willing to. The retailer may conclude this due to the customer's wealth, carelessness, lack of knowledge, or eagerness to buy.
Price discrimination can lead to a bargaining situation often called
haggling, a negotiation about the price. Economists see this as determining how the transaction's total surplus will be divided into consumer and producer surplus. Neither party has a clear advantage, because the threat of no sale exists, whence the surplus vanishes for both.
In popular culture
There was a television shopping game show called Shop 'Til You Drop.
The Pet Shop Boys wrote a song called "Shopping" for their 1987 album
Actually (album). It takes the totally
consumerist approach many shoppers have, and turns it into a satire on the
privatisation culture of Britain in the 1980s.
In the
Gilmore Girls fourth season episode "Scene in a Mall," a significant part of the episode is devoted to window shopping, which is Lorelai and Rory's main plan for the day.
In the famous shopping quote by Bo Derek, "whoever said money can't by happiness simply didn't know where to go shopping."
Internet shopping bargain aggregation sites such as have become a favorite shopping channel for busy people. Hundreds of merchant sites are reviewed for favorable pricing. Coupons for reduced pricing or free shipping are presented with the item which help deliver additional value to the shoppers.
References
Shopping.net - What are you Shopping for?
Shopping.net is the UKs favourite online shopping directory with over 10000 shops. Compare Prices with our online price comparison tools and save money when you buy online.
Shopping ideas for clothes, books, dvds and more - AOL Shopping
Visit AOL Shopping for expert guides, shopping ideas, inspiration and home delivery of all your purchases. Find online shoe shops, online clothes shops, white goods, consumer ...
MSN Shopping
MSN Shopping ... Free Sony S650 camera. Buy any Apple iMac from Marks & Spencer and get a free Sony S650 camera.
shopping.yahoo.co.uk
LondonTown.com | London Shopping
Discounts on leading London hotel and bed and breakfast accommodation. Sightseeing, attractions and other tourist information. Theatre tickets, dinner and theatre packages and more
Shopping Lycos search - Price Comparison and Online Shopping
Searchable price comparison site, with products ranging from ovens to car stereos and toys.
Cancer Research UK: Shopping
You can support Cancer Research UK by visiting one of our charity shops - find your nearest Cancer Research UK shop and discover what's in store at the moment, or find out how you ...
Guardian Unlimited Shopping
News and advice about online shopping plus reviews and links to retailer web sites including food, music, gifts, games, computers, clothes, home and garden, motoring and computers.
Kelkoo Shopping UK - Online Shopping & Price Comparison
Provides comparisons across a directory of categories, including books, CDs, electronic goods and travel.
Shopping
Shopping: A variety of well known Shops featured at Zyra's Shopping Portal ... Too mainstream? See ALTERNATIVE MARKET. These and other stores have affiliate links from www.zyra.org ...